Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

A Collective Work

Appendices

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Aluminum

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

[latex]\ce{Al}[/latex](s)

0

28.3

[latex]\ce{Al}[/latex](g)

324.4

285.7

164.54

[latex]\ce{Al2O3}[/latex](s)

–1676

–1582

50.92

[latex]\ce{AlF3}[/latex](s)

–1510.4

–1425

66.5

[latex]\ce{AlCl3}[/latex](s)

–704.2

–628.8

110.67

[latex]\ce{AlCl3} \cdot \ce{6H2O}[/latex](s)

–2691.57

–2269.40

376.56

[latex]\ce{Al2S3}[/latex](s)

–724.0

–492.4

116.9

[latex]\ce{Al2(SO4)3}[/latex](s)

–3445.06

–3506.61

239.32

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Antimony

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Sb(s)

0

45.69

Sb(g)

262.34

222.17

180.16

Sb₄O₆(s)

–1440.55

–1268.17

220.92

SbCl₃(g)

–313.8

–301.2

337.80

SbCl₅(g)

–394.34

–334.29

401.94

Sb₂S₃(s)

–174.89

–173.64

182.00

SbCl₃(s)

–382.17

–323.72

184.10

SbOCl(s)

–374.0

—

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Arsenic

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
As(s)	0	0	35.1
As(g)	302.5	261.0	174.21
As₄(g)	143.9	92.4	314
As₄O₆(s)	–1313.94	–1152.52	214.22
As₂O₅(s)	–924.87	–782.41	105.44
AsCl₃(g)	–261.50	–248.95	327.06
As₂S₃(s)	–169.03	–168.62	163.59
AsH₃(g)	66.44	68.93	222.78
H₃AsO₄(s)	–906.3	—	—

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Barium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Ba(s)

0

62.5

Ba(g)

180

146

170.24

BaO(s)

–548.0

–520.3

72.1

BaCl₂(s)

–855.0

–806.7

123.7

BaSO₄(s)

–1473.2

–1362.3

132.2

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Beryllium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
Be(s)	0	0	9.50
Be(g)	324.3	286.6	136.27
BeO(s)	–609.4	–580.1	13.8

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Bismuth

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Bi(s)

0

56.74

Bi(g)

207.1

168.2

187.00

Bi₂O₃(s)

–573.88

–493.7

151.5

BiCl₃(s)

–379.07

–315.06

176.98

Bi₂S₃(s)

–143.1

–140.6

200.4

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Boron

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

B(s)

0

5.86

B(g)

565.0

521.0

153.4

B₂O₃(s)

–1273.5

–1194.3

53.97

B₂H₆(g)

36.4

87.6

232.1

H₃BO₃(s)

–1094.33

–968.92

88.83

BF₃(g)

–1136.0

–1119.4

254.4

BCl₃(g)

–403.8

–388.7

290.1

B₃N₃H₆(l)

–540.99

–392.79

199.58

HBO₂(s)

–794.25

–723.41

37.66

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Bromine

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
Br₂(l)	0	0	152.23
Br₂(g)	30.91	3.142	245.5
Br(g)	111.88	82.429	175.0
BrF₃(g)	–255.60	–229.45	292.42
HBr(g)	–36.3	–53.43	198.7

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Cadmium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Cd(s)

0

51.76

Cd(g)

112.01

77.41

167.75

CdO(s)

–258.2

–228.4

54.8

CdCl₂(s)

–391.5

–343.9

115.3

CdSO₄(s)

–933.3

–822.7

123.0

CdS(s)

–161.9

–156.5

64.9

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Calcium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Ca(s)

0

41.6

Ca(g)

178.2

144.3

154.88

CaO(s)

–634.9

–603.3

38.1

Ca(OH)₂(s)

–985.2

–897.5

83.4

CaSO₄(s)

–1434.5

–1322.0

106.5

CaSO₄[latex]\cdot[/latex] 2H₂O(s)

–2022.63

–1797.45

194.14

CaCO₃(s) (calcite)

–1220.0

–1081.4

110.0

CaSO₃ [latex]\cdot[/latex] H₂O(s)

–1752.68

–1555.19

184.10

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Carbon

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
C(s) (graphite)	0	0	5.740
C(s) (diamond)	1.89	2.90	2.38
C(g)	716.681	671.2	158.1
CO(g)	–110.52	–137.15	197.7
CO₂(g)	–393.51	–394.36	213.8
CH₄(g)	–74.6	–50.5	186.3
CH₃OH(l)	–239.2	–166.6	126.8
CH₃OH(g)	–201.0	–162.3	239.9
CCl₄(l)	–128.2	–62.5	214.4
CCl₄(g)	–95.7	–58.2	309.7
CHCl₃(l)	–134.1	–73.7	201.7
CHCl₃(g)	–103.14	–70.34	295.71
CS₂(l)	89.70	65.27	151.34
CS₂(g)	116.9	66.8	238.0
C₂H₂(g)	227.4	209.2	200.9
C₂H₄(g)	52.4	68.4	219.3
C₂H₆(g)	–84.0	–32.0	229.2
CH₃CO₂H(l)	–484.3	–389.9	159.8
CH₃CO₂H(g)	–434.84	–376.69	282.50
C₂H₅OH(l)	–277.6	–174.8	160.7
C₂H₅OH(g)	–234.8	–167.9	281.6
C₃H₈(g)	–103.8	–23.4	270.3
C₆H₆(g)	82.927	129.66	269.2
C₆H₆(l)	49.1	124.50	173.4
CH₂Cl₂(l)	–124.2	–63.2	177.8
CH₂Cl₂(g)	–95.4	–65.90	270.2
CH₃Cl(g)	–81.9	–60.2	234.6
C₂H₅Cl(l)	–136.52	–59.31	190.79
C₂H₅Cl(g)	–112.17	–60.39	276.00
C₂N₂(g)	308.98	297.36	241.90
HCN(l)	108.9	125.0	112.8
HCN(g)	135.5	124.7	201.8

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Chlorine

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
Cl₂(g)	0	0	223.1
Cl(g)	121.3	105.70	165.2
ClF(g)	–54.48	–55.94	217.78
ClF₃(g)	–158.99	–118.83	281.50
Cl₂O(g)	80.3	97.9	266.2
Cl₂O₇(l)	238.1	—	—
Cl₂O₇(g)	272.0	—	—
HCl(g)	–92.307	–95.299	186.9
HClO₄(l)	–40.58	—	—

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Chromium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
Cr(s)	0	0	23.77
Cr(g)	396.6	351.8	174.50
Cr₂O₃(s)	–1139.7	–1058.1	81.2
CrO₃(s)	–589.5	—	—
(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇(s)	–1806.7	—	—

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Cobalt

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Co(s)

0

30.0

CoO(s)

–237.9

–214.2

52.97

Co₃O₄(s)

–910.02

–794.98

114.22

Co(NO₃)₂(s)

–420.5

—

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Copper

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Cu(s)

0

33.15

Cu(g)

338.32

298.58

166.38

CuO(s)

–157.3

–129.7

42.63

Cu₂O(s)

–168.6

–146.0

93.14

CuS(s)

–53.1

–53.6

66.5

Cu₂S(s)

–79.5

–86.2

120.9

CuSO₄(s)

–771.36

–662.2

109.2

Cu(NO₃)₂(s)

–302.9

—

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Fluorine

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
F₂(g)	0	0	202.8
F(g)	79.4	62.3	158.8
F₂O(g)	24.7	41.9	247.43
HF(g)	–273.3	–275.4	173.8

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Hydrogen

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

H₂(g)

0

130.7

H(g)

217.97

203.26

114.7

H₂O(l)

–285.83

–237.1

70.0

H₂O(g)

–241.82

–228.59

188.8

H₂O₂(l)

–187.78

–120.35

109.6

H₂O₂(g)

–136.3

–105.6

232.7

HF(g)

–273.3

–275.4

173.8

HCl(g)

–92.307

–95.299

186.9

HBr(g)

–36.3

–53.43

198.7

HI(g)

26.48

1.70

206.59

H₂S(g)

–20.6

–33.4

205.8

H₂Se(g)

29.7

15.9

219.0

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Iodine

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
I₂(s)	0	0	116.14
I₂(g)	62.438	19.3	260.7
I(g)	106.84	70.2	180.8
IF(g)	95.65	–118.49	236.06
ICl(g)	17.78	–5.44	247.44
IBr(g)	40.84	3.72	258.66
IF₇(g)	–943.91	–818.39	346.44
HI(g)	26.48	1.70	206.59

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Iron

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Fe(s)

0

27.3

Fe(g)

416.3

370.7

180.5

Fe₂O₃(s)

–824.2

–742.2

87.40

Fe₃O₄(s)

–1118.4

–1015.4

146.4

Fe(CO)₅(l)

–774.04

–705.42

338.07

Fe(CO)₅(g)

–733.87

–697.26

445.18

FeCl₂(s)

–341.79

–302.30

117.95

FeCl₃(s)

–399.49

–334.00

142.3

FeO(s)

–272.0

–255.2

60.75

Fe(OH)₂(s)

–569.0

–486.5

88.

Fe(OH)₃(s)

–823.0

–696.5

106.7

FeS(s)

–100.0

–100.4

60.29

Fe₃C(s)

25.10

20.08

104.60

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Lead

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Pb(s)

0

64.81

Pb(g)

195.2

162.

175.4

PbO(s) (yellow)

–217.32

–187.89

68.70

PbO(s) (red)

–218.99

–188.93

66.5

Pb(OH)₂(s)

–515.9

—

PbS(s)

–100.4

–98.7

91.2

Pb(NO₃)₂(s)

–451.9

—

PbO₂(s)

–277.4

–217.3

68.6

PbCl₂(s)

–359.4

–314.1

136.0

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Lithium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Li(s)

0

29.1

Li(g)

159.3

126.6

138.8

LiH(s)

–90.5

–68.3

20.0

Li(OH)(s)

–487.5

–441.5

42.8

LiF(s)

–616.0

–587.5

35.7

Li₂CO₃(s)

–1216.04

–1132.19

90.17

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Manganese

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Mn(s)

0

32.0

Mn(g)

280.7

238.5

173.7

MnO(s)

–385.2

–362.9

59.71

MnO₂(s)

–520.03

–465.1

53.05

Mn₂O₃(s)

–958.97

–881.15

110.46

Mn₃O₄(s)

–1378.83

–1283.23

155.64

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Mercury

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Hg(l)

0

75.9

Hg(g)

61.4

31.8

175.0

HgO(s) (red)

–90.83

–58.5

70.29

HgO(s) (yellow)

–90.46

–58.43

71.13

HgCl₂(s)

–224.3

–178.6

146.0

Hg₂Cl₂(s)

–265.4

–210.7

191.6

HgS(s) (red)

–58.16

–50.6

82.4

HgS(s) (black)

–53.56

–47.70

88.28

HgSO₄(s)

–707.51

–594.13

0.00

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Nitrogen

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
N₂(g)	0	0	191.6
N(g)	472.704	455.5	153.3
NO(g)	90.25	87.6	210.8
NO₂(g)	33.2	51.30	240.1
N₂O(g)	81.6	103.7	220.0
N₂O₃(g)	83.72	139.41	312.17
N₂O₄(g)	11.1	99.8	304.4
N₂O₅(g)	11.3	115.1	355.7
NH₃(g)	–45.9	–16.5	192.8
N₂H₄(l)	50.63	149.43	121.21
N₂H₄(g)	95.4	159.4	238.5
NH₄NO₃(s)	–365.56	–183.87	151.08
NH₄Cl(s)	–314.43	–202.87	94.6
NH₄Br(s)	–270.8	–175.2	113.0
NH₄I(s)	–201.4	–112.5	117.0
NH₄NO₂(s)	–256.5	—	—
HNO₃(l)	–174.1	–80.7	155.6
HNO₃(g)	–133.9	–73.5	266.9

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Oxygen

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
O₂(g)	0	0	205.2
O(g)	249.17	231.7	161.1
O₃(g)	142.7	163.2	238.9

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Phosphorus

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
P₄(s)	0	0	164.4
P₄(g)	58.91	24.4	280.0
P(g)	314.64	278.25	163.19
PH₃(g)	5.4	13.5	210.2
PCl₃(g)	–287.0	–267.8	311.78
PCl₅(g)	–374.9	–305.0	364.4
P₄O₆(s)	–1640.1	—	—
P₄O₁₀(s)	–2984.0	–2697.0	228.86
HPO₃(s)	–948.5	—	—
H₃PO₂(s)	–604.6	—	—
H₃PO₃(s)	–964.4	—	—
H₃PO₄(s)	–1279.0	–1119.1	110.50
H₃PO₄(l)	–1266.9	–1124.3	110.5
H₄P₂O₇(s)	–2241.0	—	—
POCl₃(l)	–597.1	–520.8	222.5
POCl₃(g)	–558.5	–512.9	325.5

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Potassium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
K(s)	0	0	64.7
K(g)	89.0	60.5	160.3
KF(s)	–576.27	–537.75	66.57
KCl(s)	–436.5	–408.5	82.6

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Silicon

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Si(s)

0

18.8

Si(g)

450.0

405.5

168.0

SiO₂(s)

–910.7

–856.3

41.5

SiH₄(g)

34.3

56.9

204.6

H₂SiO₃(s)

–1188.67

–1092.44

133.89

H₄SiO₄(s)

–1481.14

–1333.02

192.46

SiF₄(g)

–1615.0

–1572.8

282.8

SiCl₄(l)

–687.0

–619.8

239.7

SiCl₄(g)

–662.75

–622.58

330.62

SiC(s, beta cubic)

–73.22

–70.71

16.61

SiC(s, alpha hexagonal)

–71.55

–69.04

16.48

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Silver

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Ag(s)

0

42.55

Ag(g)

284.9

246.0

172.89

Ag₂O(s)

–31.05

–11.20

121.3

AgCl(s)

–127.0

–109.8

96.3

Ag₂S(s)

–32.6

–40.7

144.0

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Sodium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
Na(s)	0	0	51.3
Na(g)	107.5	77.0	153.7
Na₂O(s)	–414.2	–375.5	75.1
NaCl(s)	–411.2	–384.1	72.1

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Sulfur

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

S₈(s) (rhombic)

0

256.8

S(g)

278.81

238.25

167.82

SO₂(g)

–296.83

–300.1

248.2

SO₃(g)

–395.72

–371.06

256.76

H₂S(g)

–20.6

–33.4

205.8

H₂SO₄(l)

–813.989

690.00

156.90

H₂S₂O₇(s)

–1273.6

—

SF₄(g)

–728.43

–684.84

291.12

SF₆(g)

–1220.5

–1116.5

291.5

SCl₂(l)

–50

—

SCl₂(g)

–19.7

—

S₂Cl₂(l)

–59.4

—

S₂Cl₂(g)

–19.50

–29.25

319.45

SOCl₂(g)

–212.55

–198.32

309.66

SOCl₂(l)

–245.6

—

SO₂Cl₂(l)

–394.1

—

SO₂Cl₂(g)

–354.80

–310.45

311.83

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Tin

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Sn(s)

0

51.2

Sn(g)

301.2

266.2

168.5

SnO(s)

–285.8

–256.9

56.5

SnO₂(s)

–577.6

–515.8

49.0

SnCl₄(l)

–511.3

–440.1

258.6

SnCl₄(g)

–471.5

–432.2

365.8

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Titanium

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Ti(s)

0

30.7

Ti(g)

473.0

428.4

180.3

TiO₂(s)

–944.0

–888.8

50.6

TiCl₄(l)

–804.2

–737.2

252.4

TiCl₄(g)

–763.2

–726.3

353.2

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Tungsten

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

W(s)	0	0	32.6
W(g)	849.4	807.1	174.0
WO₃(s)	–842.9	–764.0	75.9

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Zinc

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Substance

[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)

[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)

[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)

Zn(s)

0

41.6

Zn(g)

130.73

95.14

160.98

ZnO(s)

–350.5

–320.5

43.7

ZnCl₂(s)

–415.1

–369.43

111.5

ZnS(s)

–206.0

–201.3

57.7

ZnSO₄(s)

–982.8

–871.5

110.5

ZnCO₃(s)

–812.78

–731.57

82.42

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Other Complexes

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Substance	[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–)	[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol^–1)	[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K^–1 mol^–1)
[Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)₂]NO₃, cis	–898.7	—	—
[Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)₂]NO₃, trans	–896.2	—	—
NH₄[Co(NH₃)₂(NO₂)₄]	–837.6	—	—
[Co(NH₃)₆][Co(NH₃)₂(NO₂)₄]₃	–2733.0	—	—
[Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]Cl, cis	–874.9	—	—
[Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]Cl, trans	–877.4	—	—
[Co(en)₂(NO₂)₂]NO₃, cis	–689.5	—	—
[Co(en)₂Cl₂]Cl, cis	–681.2	—	—
[Co(en)₂Cl₂]Cl, trans	–677.4	—	—
[Co(en)₃](ClO₄)₃	–762.7	—	—
[Co(en)₃]Br₂	–595.8	—	—
[Co(en)₃]I₂	–475.3	—	—
[Co(en)₃]I₃	–519.2	—	—
[Co(NH₃)₆](ClO₄)₃	–1034.7	–221.1	615
[Co(NH₃)₅NO₂](NO₃)₂	–1088.7	–412.9	331
[Co(NH₃)₆](NO₃)₃	–1282.0	–524.5	448
[Co(NH₃)₅Cl]Cl₂	–1017.1	–582.5	366.1
[Pt(NH₃)₄]Cl₂	–725.5	—	—
[Ni(NH₃)₆]Cl₂	–994.1	—	—
[Ni(NH₃)₆]Br₂	–923.8	—	—
[Ni(NH₃)₆]I₂	–808.3	—	—

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Chemistry Fundamentals Copyright © by Dr. Julie Donnelly, Dr. Nicole Lapeyrouse, and Dr. Matthew Rex is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances

Table of Contents

Aluminum

Antimony

Arsenic

Barium

Beryllium

Bismuth

Boron

Bromine

Cadmium

Calcium

Carbon

Chlorine

Chromium

Cobalt

Copper

Fluorine

Hydrogen

Iodine

Iron

Lead

Lithium

Manganese

Mercury

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Phosphorus

Potassium

Silicon

Silver

Sodium

Sulfur

Tin

Titanium

Tungsten

Zinc

Other Complexes

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